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环境：CentOs6.8
Master:172.20.52.72
Slave:172.20.52.159
Virtual IP address(VIP):172.20.52.253
应用软件：
1、keepalived-1.2.12.tar.gz
下载地址
2、redis-2.8.7.tar.gz
下载地址http://www.oschina.net/news/49449/redis-2-8-7
一、安装配置前准备
yum -y install gcc gcc+ gcc-c++ openssl openssl-devel pcre pcre-devel
Redis属于内存数据库，所以调优都集中到了内存上,需要将 vm.overcommit 设置为1
echo "vm.overcommit_memory=1" >> /etc/sysctl
sysctl -p
1.在主服务器172.20.52.160上面做下面操作
echo " 172.20.52.72 node1" >> /etc/hosts
echo " 172.20.52.159 node2" >> /etc/hosts
2.在从服务器10.10.10.204上面做下面操作
echo " 172.20.52.72 node1" >> /etc/hosts
echo " 172.20.52.159 node2" >> /etc/hosts
二、在Master和slave上安装Redis
tar -zxvf redis-2.8.7.tar.gz
cd redis-2.8.7
make && make install
cd src
mkdir -p /usr/local/redis/bin
cp redis-server redis-cli redis-benchmark redis-check-aof redis-check-dump /usr/local/redis/bin
mkdir -p /usr/local/redis/etc
复制源码中的redis.conf至/usr/local/redis/etc/ cp redis.conf /usr/local/redis/etc/
修改 /usr/local/redis/etc/redis.conf里面可以把 daemonize no 修改为daemonize yes
制作一个redis init.d 的启动脚本：
复制如下代码：
| 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 | #!/usr/bin/env bash # # redis start up the redis server daemon # # chkconfig: 345 99 99 # description: redis service in /etc/init.d/redis \ # chkconfig --add redis or chkconfig --list redis \ # service redis start or service redis stop # processname: redis-server # config: /etc/redis.conf PATH= /usr/local/bin : /sbin : /usr/bin : /bin REDISPORT=6379 EXEC= /usr/local/bin/redis-server REDIS_CLI= /usr/local/bin/redis-cli PIDFILE= /var/run/redis .pid CONF= "/etc/redis.conf" #make sure some dir exist if [ ! -d /var/lib/redis ] ; then mkdir -p /var/lib/redis mkdir -p /var/log/redis fi case "$1" in status) ps -A| grep redis ;; start) if [ -f $PIDFILE ] then echo "$PIDFILE exists, process is already running or crashed" else echo "Starting Redis server..." $EXEC $CONF fi if [ "$?" = "0" ] then echo "Redis is running..." fi ;; stop) if [ ! -f $PIDFILE ] then echo "$PIDFILE does not exist, process is not running" else PID=$( cat $PIDFILE) echo "Stopping ..." $REDIS_CLI -p $REDISPORT SHUTDOWN while [ -x ${PIDFILE} ] do echo "Waiting for Redis to shutdown ..." sleep 1 done echo "Redis stopped" fi ;; restart|force-reload) ${0} stop ${0} start ;; *) echo "Usage: /etc/init.d/redis {start|stop|restart|force-reload}" >&2 exit 1 esac |
vim /etc/init.d/redis-server
chmod o+x /etc/init.d/redis-server
chkconfig --add redis-server
/etc/init.d/redis-server start
从服务上redis的配置
修改 /etc/redis.conf
slaveof <masterip> <masterport>修改为
slaveof 172.20.52.72 6379
然后开启从服务器的redis服务。
start redis-server start
三、进行主从测试
主服务器：redis-cli -p 6379 set hello world
从服务器：
redis-cli -p 6379 get hello
"world"
#主服务器
redis-cli -p 6379 set hello world2
#从服务器
redis-cli -p 6379 get hello
"world2"
redis-cli -p 6379 set hello world
(error) READONLY You can't write against a read only slave.
成功配置主从redis服务器，由于配置中有一条从服务器是只读的，所以从服务器没法设置数据，只可以读取数据。
四、安装配置keepalived
1.在Master和Slave上安装Keepalived
$ yum install keepalived -y
2.默认安装完成keepalived之后是有配置文件的，但是我们需要创建合适的配置文件
首先，在Master上创建如下配置文件：
$ vim /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
| 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 | vrrp_script chk_redis { script "/etc/keepalived/scripts/redis_check.sh" ###监控脚本 interval 2 ###监控时间 } vrrp_instance VI_1 { state MASTER ###设置为MASTER interface eth1 ###监控网卡 virtual_router_id 51 priority 100 ###权重值 authentication { auth_type PASS ###加密 auth_pass 1111 ###密码 } track_script { chk_redis ###执行上面定义的chk_redis } virtual_ipaddress { 172.20.52.253 ######VIP } notify_master /etc/keepalived/scripts/redis_master .sh notify_backup /etc/keepalived/scripts/redis_backup .sh notify_fault /etc/keepalived/scripts/redis_fault .sh notify_stop /etc/keepalived/scripts/redis_stop .sh } |
3.然后，在Slave上创建如下配置文件：
vim /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
| 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 | vrrp_script chk_redis { script "/etc/keepalived/scripts/redis_check.sh" ###监控脚本 interval 2 ###监控时间 } vrrp_instance VI_1 { state BACKUP ###设置为BACKUP interface eth1 ###监控网卡 virtual_router_id 51 priority 10 ###比MASTRE权重值低 authentication { auth_type PASS auth_pass 1111 ###密码与MASTRE相同 } track_script { chk_redis ###执行上面定义的chk_redis } virtual_ipaddress { 192.168.1.253 ####vip } notify_master /etc/keepalived/scripts/redis_master .sh notify_backup /etc/keepalived/scripts/redis_backup .sh notify_fault /etc/keepalived/scripts/redis_fault .sh notify_stop /etc/keepalived/scripts/redis_stop .sh } |
4. 在Master和Slave上创建监控Redis的脚本
| 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 | mkdir /etc/keepalived/scripts #!/bin/bash ALIVE=` /usr/local/bin/redis-cli PING` if [ "$ALIVE" == "PONG" ]; then echo $ALIVE exit 0 else echo $ALIVE exit 1 fi |
5.编写以下负责运作的关键脚本：
notify_master /etc/keepalived/scripts/redis_master.sh
notify_backup /etc/keepalived/scripts/redis_backup.sh
notify_fault /etc/keepalived/scripts/redis_fault.sh
notify_stop /etc/keepalived/scripts/redis_stop.sh
因为Keepalived在转换状态时会依照状态来呼叫：
当进入Master状态时会呼叫notify_master
当进入Backup状态时会呼叫notify_backup
当发现异常情况时进入Fault状态呼叫notify_fault
当Keepalived程序终止时则呼叫notify_stop
1)首先，在Redis Master上创建notity_master与notify_backup脚本：
$ vim /etc/keepalived/scripts/redis_master.sh
| 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 | #!/bin/bash REDISCLI= "/usr/local/bin/redis-cli" LOGFILE= "/var/log/keepalived-redis-state.log" echo "[master]" >> $LOGFILE date >> $LOGFILE echo "Being master...." >> $LOGFILE 2>&1 echo "Run SLAVEOF cmd ..." >> $LOGFILE $REDISCLI SLAVEOF 172.20.52.159 6379 >> $LOGFILE 2>&1 sleep 10 #延迟10秒以后待数据同步完成后再取消同步状态 echo "Run SLAVEOF NO ONE cmd ..." >> $LOGFILE $REDISCLI SLAVEOF NO ONE >> $LOGFILE 2>&1 |
vim /etc/keepalived/scripts/redis_backup.sh
| 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 | #!/bin/bash REDISCLI= "/usr/local/bin/redis-cli" LOGFILE= "/var/log/keepalived-redis-state.log" echo "[backup]" >> $LOGFILE date >> $LOGFILE echo "Being slave...." >> $LOGFILE 2>&1 sleep 15 #延迟15秒待数据被对方同步完成之后再切换主从角色 echo "Run SLAVEOF cmd ..." >> $LOGFILE $REDISCLI SLAVEOF 172.20.52.159 6379 >> $LOGFILE 2>&1 |
2)在Redis Slave上创建notity_master与notify_backup脚本：
vim /etc/keepalived/scripts/redis_master.sh
| 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 | #!/bin/bash REDISCLI= "/usr/local/bin/redis-cli" LOGFILE= "/var/log/keepalived-redis-state.log" echo "[master]" >> $LOGFILE date >> $LOGFILE echo "Being master...." >> $LOGFILE 2>&1 echo "Run SLAVEOF cmd ..." >> $LOGFILE $REDISCLI SLAVEOF 172.20.52.72 6379 >> $LOGFILE 2>&1 sleep 10 #延迟10秒以后待数据同步完成后再取消同步状态 echo "Run SLAVEOF NO ONE cmd ..." >> $LOGFILE $REDISCLI SLAVEOF NO ONE >> $LOGFILE 2>&1 |
vim /etc/keepalived/scripts/redis_backup.sh
| 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 | #!/bin/bash REDISCLI= "/usr/local/bin/redis-cli" LOGFILE= "/var/log/keepalived-redis-state.log" echo "[backup]" >> $LOGFILE date >> $LOGFILE echo "Being slave...." >> $LOGFILE 2>&1 sleep 15 #延迟15秒待数据被对方同步完成之后再切换主从角色 echo "Run SLAVEOF cmd ..." >> $LOGFILE $REDISCLI SLAVEOF 172.20.52.72 6379 >> $LOGFILE 2>&1 |
3)然后在Master与Slave创建如下相同的脚本：
vim /etc/keepalived/scripts/redis_fault.sh
| 1 2 3 4 | #!/bin/bash LOGFILE= /var/log/keepalived-redis-state .log echo "[fault]" >> $LOGFILE date >> $LOGFILE |
vim /etc/keepalived/scripts/redis_stop.sh
| 1 2 3 4 | #!/bin/bash LOGFILE= /var/log/keepalived-redis-state .log echo "[stop]" >> $LOGFILE date >> $LOGFILE |
6.在主从服务器上面给脚本都加上可执行权限：
$ chmod +x /etc/keepalived/scripts/*.sh
7.
.进行相关功能测试
启动Master和slave上的Redis
$ /etc/init.d/redis start
启动Master和slave上的Keepalived
$ /etc/init.d/keepalived start
尝试通过VIP连接Redis:
$ redis-cli -h 172.20.52.253 INFO
连接成功，Slave也连接上来了。
role:master
slave0:172.20.52.159,6379,online
尝试插入一些数据：
$ redis-cli -h 172。20.52.253 SET Hello Redis
OK
从VIP读取数据
$ redis-cli -h 172.20.52.253 GET Hello
"Redis"
从Master读取数据
$ redis-cli -h 172.20.52.72 GET Hello
"Redis"
从Slave读取数据
$ redis-cli -h 172.20.52.159 GET Hello
"Redis"
8.通过模拟相关故障，进行功能测试
将Master上的Redis进程杀死：
$ killall -9 redis-server
查看Master上的Keepalived日志
$ tail -f /var/log/keepalived-redis-state.log
[fault]
Thu Sep 27 08:29:01 CST 2016
同时Slave上的日志显示：
$ tail -f /var/log/keepalived-redis-state.log
[master]
2016年 07月 07日 星期一 16:42:52 CST
Being master....
Run SLAVEOF cmd ...
OK Already connected to specified master
Run SLAVEOF NO ONE cmd ...
OK
然后我们可以发现，Slave已经接管服务，并且担任Master的角色了。
$ redis-cli -h 172.20.52.253 INFO
$ redis-cli -h 172.20.52.159 INFO
role:master
然后我们恢复Master的Redis进程
$ /etc/init.d/redis start
查看Master上的Keepalived日志
$ tail -f /var/log/keepalived-redis-state.log
[master]
2016年 07月 07日 星期一 16:48:08 CST
Being master....
Run SLAVEOF cmd ...
OK
Run SLAVEOF NO ONE cmd ...
OK
同时Slave上的日志显示：
$ tail -f /var/log/keepalived-redis-state.log
[backup]
Fri Sep 28 14:16:37 CST 2016
Being slave....
Run SLAVEOF cmd ...
OK
发现目前的Master已经再次恢复了Master的角色，故障切换以及自动恢复都成功了。
1.问题：刚使用redis-cli -h 172.20.52.253 INFO
说连接失败，没有路由。
此时我的解决办法是iptables -F
2.VIP的添加
ifconfig eth1:0 172.20.52.253 netmask 172.20.52.253 up
本文转自 ping9527 51CTO博客，原文链接：http://blog.51cto.com/babyhanggege/1910105，如需转载请自行联系原作者